Copernicus: Extremely high temperatures before the monsoons over Pakistan and northern India

Anomaly in surface air temperature in April 2022 compared to the April average for the period 1991-2020. Data source: ERA5. Source: Copernicus Climate Change Service / ECMWF

Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S)implemented by the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast on behalf of the European Commission, routinely publishes monthly climate bulletins that report on changes observed in the global report. surface air temperatureAnd sea ​​ice And Hydrological variables. All reported results are based on computer-generated analyzes using billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world.

Surface air temperature in April 2022:

• April 2022 was the sixth warmest month globally since measurements began
• April temperatures in large parts of Europe were close to average values ​​for 1991-2020
• Temperatures were unusually high in the region from northeastern Africa through the Middle East to central and southern Asia
• Pre-monsoon temperatures were very high over Pakistan and northern India

Carlo Bontempo, Head of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) at ECMWF comments: “Although it is too early to assess the extent to which climate change is contributing to the extreme heat wave across parts of India and Pakistan in late April. Rising global temperatures are on the rise. Copernicus watches Continuing Earth’s surface temperatures, the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) derives surface air temperatures from this data to provide regional and interregional analysis for monitoring extreme weather events such as exceptional local heat waves that are expected to increase in frequency in the coming years.”

Maps and data values ​​for specific temperature are from ECMWF Copernicus Climate Change Services ERA5. Area averages for temperatures across Europe are only for countries with latitude/longitude limits: 25W-40E, 34N-72N. Area averages for temperatures over the Arctic are for all regions north of 66N.

C3S followed the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to use the past 30 years to calculate climate averages and changed to the 1991-2020 reference period for C3S Climate Bulletins covering January 2021 and beyond. Figures and graphics for both the new and previous periods (1981-2010) are provided for transparency.

More information about April’s climate fluctuations and climate updates from previous months as well as high-resolution graphics can be downloaded here:

https://climate.copernicus.eu/monthly-climate-bulletins

More information about how C3S data is collected:

https://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-bulletin-about-data-and-analysis

More information about changing the reference period:

https://climate.copernicus.eu/new-decade-reference-period-change-climate-data

Answers to frequently asked questions about temperature monitoring:

https://climate.copernicus.eu/temperature-qas

About Copernicus and ECMWF

Copernicus is part of the European Union’s Space Programme, funded by the European Union, the flagship Earth observation programme. The operation operates through six thematic services: Atmosphere, Marine, Land, Climate Change, Security and Emergencies. It provides freely available operational data and services that provide users with reliable and up-to-date information about our planet and its environment. The program is coordinated and managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMTSAT), the European Center for Medium Distance Forecasting (ECMWF), European Union agencies, Mercator Océan and more.

ECMWF operates two services of the European Union’s Copernicus Earth Observation Program: the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). They also contribute to the Copernican Emergency Management Service (CEMS), which is implemented by the European Union Joint Research Council (JRC). The European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organization supported by 35 countries. It is a 24/7 operational research and service institute that produces and publishes digital weather forecasts to its member states. These data are fully available to the national meteorological services of the member states. The supercomputer facility (and associated data archives) at the ECMWF is one of the largest of its kind in Europe and member states can use 25% of its capacity for their own purposes.

ECMWF has increased the number of places in which it does business. In addition to the UK headquarters and the computing center in Italy, new offices focusing on activities implemented in partnership with the European Union, such as Copernicus, will be located in Bonn, Germany starting in the summer of 2021.

Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service: http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/

Copernicus Climate Change Service: https://climate.copernicus.eu/
More information about Copernicus: www.copernicus.eu

ECMWF Web: https://www.ecmwf.int/

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Nuria Lopez
Communication | Copernicus contracts and the press
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European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
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Bjorn Mogensen
Oxenstierna Communication
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