Anomaly in surface air temperature for September 2022 compared to the September average for the period 1991-2020. Data source: ERA5. Source: Copernicus Climate Change Service / ECMWF.
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S)which is implemented by the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts on behalf of the European Commission, and routinely publishes monthly climate bulletins that report on changes observed in the global system. surface air temperatureAnd the sea ice And the Hydrological variables. All reported results are based on computer-generated analyzes using billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world.
Surface air temperatures in September 2022:
- The European average temperature was about 0.4 °C below average during the period 1991-2020, with below-average temperatures extending from Central Europe to Russia.
- The global average temperature was close to 0.3°C during the period 1991-2020 and was the fourth warmest September with 2016.
- Greenland recorded exceptional temperatures of more than 8 degrees Celsius above the monthly average in some places, the highest temperatures recorded for the month of September.
The state of sea ice in September 2022:
- The daily extent of Arctic sea ice reached its ninth annual minimum around mid-September, while the average monthly extent ranked the eleventh lowest, well above the lowest levels recorded for 2012 and 2020.
- In general, Arctic sea ice was below average, although there are two notable areas of above-average sea ice in the Siberian Strip.
- Antarctic sea ice extent for September 2022 ranked outside the lowest five of any September, 3 percent below average, after several months of records and a near-record low monthly extent.
Left: Average Arctic sea ice concentration for September 2022. Thick orange line indicates September climatic sea ice extent for the period 1991-2020.
Right: Anomaly in Arctic sea ice concentration for September 2022 compared to the September mean for the period 1991-2020. Data source: ERA5. Source: Copernicus Climate Change Service / ECMWF.
“After a summer of record temperatures, drought and wildfires across much of Europe, September remained below the average temperature in Europe,” says Freya Famburg, chief scientist at the Copernican Climate Change Service. “It was still one of the hottest September on record. The world according to Copernicus data Greenland has been extraordinarily warm, with most having experienced the warmest September on record since records began in 1979.”
Video materials accompanying the maps are available over here.
More information about climate fluctuations in September[MI1] And climate updates from previous months, HD graphics and video can be downloaded over here. [MI2]
Answers to frequently asked questions about temperature monitoring over here.
Information about the C3S dataset and how to collect it
Temperature and hydrology maps and data are from the ERA5 data of the ECMWF’s Copernicus Climate Change Service.
Sea ice maps and data are from a set of information from ERA5, as well as from EUMETSAT OSI SAF Sea Ice Index v2.1 and Sea Ice Concentration CDR/ICDR v2 and Fast Track data provided on request by OSI SAF.
The regional averages listed have the following latitude/longitude limits:
All Earth, 180W-180E, 90S-90N. In total.
Europe, 25W-40E, 34N-72N, by road only.
More information is available over here.
Information on national data and impact
Information on national data and impact is based on national and regional reports. For more details see each month’s temperature and hydrology Climate bulletin C3S.
C3S followed the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to use the most recent 30-year period for calculating climate averages and changed to the 1991-2020 reference period for its C3S Climate Bulletins covering January 2021 onwards. Figures and graphics for both the new and the previous period (1981-2010) have been provided for transparency.
More information about the reference period used is available over here.
About Copernicus and ECMWF
Copernicus is part of the European Union’s Space Programme, which is funded by the European Union, the leading Earth observation programme. The company operates through six thematic services: Atmosphere, Marine, Land, Climate Change, Security and Emergencies. It provides freely available data and operational services that provide users with reliable and up-to-date information about our planet and its environment. The program is coordinated and managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Center for Medium Distance Forecasting (ECMWF), European Union agencies, Mercator Océan and others.
ECMWF operates two services of the European Union’s Copernicus Earth Observation Program: the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). They also contribute to the Copernican Emergency Management Service (CEMS), which is implemented by the European Union Joint Research Council (JRC). The European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organization supported by 35 countries. It is a 24/7 operational research and service institute that produces and publishes digital weather forecasts to its member states. These data are fully available to the national meteorological services of the member states. The supercomputer facility (and associated data archive) at the ECMWF is one of the largest of its kind in Europe and member states can use 25 percent of its capacity for their own purposes..
ECMWF has expanded the number of sites in which it operates. In addition to the headquarters in the UK and the computing center in Italy, the new offices focusing on activities implemented in partnership with the European Union, such as Copernicus, will be located in Bonn, Germany.
Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service Networkhttp://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/
Copernicus Network for Climate Changehttps://climate.copernicus.eu/
More information about Copernicus:www.copernicus.eu
ECMWF Website:https://www.ecmwf.int/
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[MI1]We have changed the month to September
[MI2]I changed this link because it is not working
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