Anomalies in surface air temperature during November 2021 compared to the November mean for the period 1991-2020. Data source: ERA5. Source: Copernicus Climate Change Service / ECMWF. Videos accompanying the maps are available Here.
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), managed by the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Predictions on behalf of the European Union, publishes monthly climate bulletins on changes in the Earth’s surface temperatureAnd sea ice distribution And Hydrological variables. All reported results are based on computer-generated analyzes of billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world.
November and Autumn Arctic (September-November) 2021 surface air temperature:
- Globally, November 2021 was the 5th warmest ever
- The average global temperature for November 2021 was about 0.2°C cooler than the record temperature in November 2020, but very close to the temperature during other November warm months such as 2015, 2016 and 2019
- The temperature in Europe was generally close to average in 1991-2020, for autumn as a whole as well as for the month of November, but Ireland, Great Britain and southern Scandinavia experienced record highs or near high temperatures in autumn.
- In most of North America, especially northeastern Canada, much of Siberia and in most of Africa and the Middle East, temperatures were well above average in November and autumn as a whole.
- November and autumn as a whole were colder than average in the Far East of Russia, in Alaska and in large parts of Central Asia and Australia
The deviation of the Arctic surface temperature in fall (September-November) 2021 compared to the autumn average of 1991-2020. Data source: ERA5. Source: Copernicus Climate Change Service / ECMWF.
Maps and specific temperature values are from the Copernicus ECMWF Copernicus Climate Change Services ERA5 dataset. Area averages for temperatures above the European area are only for areas with the following latitude/longitude limits: 25W-40E, 34N-72N.
C3S followed the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to use the past 30 years to calculate climate averages and changed to the 1991-2020 reference period for C3S Climate Bulletins covering January 2021 and beyond. Figures and graphics for both the new and earlier periods (1981-2010) are provided for transparency.
More information on November’s climate variables, climate updates from previous months as well as HD graphics and video can be downloaded here:
https://climate.copernicus.eu/monthly-climate-bulletins
More information about C3S data and how it is collected can be found here:
https://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-bulletin-about-data-and-analysis
More information about changing the reference period can be found here:
https://climate.copernicus.eu/new-decade-reference-period-change-climate-data
Answers to frequently asked questions about temperature monitoring can be found here:
https://climate.copernicus.eu/temperature-qas
About ECMWF and Copernicus
Copernicus is part of the European Union’s Space Programme, funded by the European Union, the leading Earth observation programme. The operation operates through six thematic services: Atmosphere, Marine, Land, Climate Change, Security and Emergencies. It provides freely available operational data and services that provide users with reliable and up-to-date information about our planet and its environment. The program is coordinated and managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMTSAT), the European Center for Medium Distance Forecasting (ECMWF), European Union agencies, Mercator Océan and more.
ECMWF operates two services of the European Union’s Copernicus Earth Observation Program: the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). They also contribute to the Copernican Emergency Management Service (CEMS), which is implemented by the European Union Joint Research Council (JRC). The European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organization supported by 34 countries. It is a 24/7 operational research and service institute that produces and publishes digital weather forecasts to its member states. These data are fully available to the national meteorological services of the member states. The supercomputer facility (and associated data archives) at the ECMWF is one of the largest of its kind in Europe and member states can use 25% of its capacity for their own purposes.
ECMWF has increased the number of places in which it does business. In addition to the UK headquarters and the computing center in Italy, new offices focusing on activities implemented in partnership with the European Union, such as Copernicus, will be located in Bonn, Germany starting in the summer of 2021.
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service: http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/
Copernicus Climate Change Service: https://climate.copernicus.eu/
More information about Copernicus: www.copernicus.eu
ECMWF: s webb: https://www.ecmwf.int/
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